4D printing of soft orthoses for tremor suppression

Abstract Tremor is an involuntary and oscillatory movement disorder that makes daily activities difficult for affected patients. Hand tremor-suppression orthoses are noninvasive, wearable devices designed to mitigate tremors. Various studies have shown these effective, economical, safe; however, they drawbacks such as large weight, awkward shape, rigid parts. This study investigates different types of discusses their efficiency, mechanism, benefits, disadvantages. First, various (with passive, semi-active, active mechanisms) described in detail. Next, we look at how additive manufacturing (AM) has progressed recently making sensors actuators application tremor orthoses. Then, the materials used AM further analyzed. It found traditional problems can be solved with help techniques, like affordable, lighter, more customizable. Another concept being discussed using smart methods, four-dimensional (4D) printing, make comfortable efficient. Graphic abstract